• Chapter 7
     
    The Homework links on this page are working again, in case you tried them on 10/3, when they were not.
     
    Unit test will cover periodic trends (chapter 7) including electronegativity (chapter 8) and paramagnetic or diamagnetic properties (chapter 9)
     
    Explain and apply the following concepts: ionization energy (electron binding energy), 2nd and successive ionization energy, binding energy, bonding and nonbonding radius, ionic radius, electron affinity, electronegativity.
     
    Describe and explain periodic trends in these properties (as well as irregularities in those trends), by citing relevant aspects coulomb's law, shielding and effective nuclear charge, and quantum mechanics.
     
    Use trends to predict relative rankings of given atoms or ions in terms of the properties listed above.  Review again how PES data is used to measure ionization energy and can be used indirectly to make inferences about other electronic properties.  
     
    Describe and predict the magnetic properties of a ion by applying knowledge of ion orbital structures. Be familiar with the "normal" orbital filling patterns, and be prepared to explain when presented with an exception.
     
    Describe and explain trends in reactivity and use to make predictions about some of the common chemical reactions in chapter 7.  These include single replacement reactions between metals and water, as well as direct combination reactions between metals or nonmetals with another nonmetal of higher electron affinity.
     
    chpt 7 AP notes These notes are mostly on trends in metallic character
     
     
    Some students might want to follow this link  Photon Emission Spectroscopy for a better understanding of the topic. PES provides much of the evidence for periodic trends in ionization energy (binding energy) 
     
    www.webelements.com has good information on periodic trends.  Create customized periodic tables based on selected property
     
    trends HW 1 includes questions related to trends in each of the major electronic properties of the atom.   
    trends HW2  includes questions related to some of the reactivity trends.  Also, paramagnetic and diamagnetic properties, and questions related to the electron configuration of common monoatomic ions.  (Remember, for transition metals, the ns and (n-1)d shells often switch places, in terms of the relative energy, when electrons are removed to form cations.  By contrast, electrons added or removed from the s or p block typically follow the cannonical ordering of energy levels.  There are numerous exceptions, and though you are not expected to memorize all the exceptions, you should be able to explain them when they appear)
     
    As a bonus, the HW2 file also includes a formative quiz. 
     
    trends HW3  includes a review of PES spectra, using PES spectra to answer questions about radius and other properties of particles in an isoelectric series.
    HW 4: In your textbook, complete 8.35, 8.37, 8.39, 8.41 to improve your understanding of electronegativity. 
     
    this page is a link to some related materials, with chapter references given for the Prentice Hall textbook "Chemistry: connections to our changing world".  Copies of this textbook are available in the classroom
     
    sparknotes trends if you can tolerate all the advertising on the Sparknotes page, this site offers a good overall summary of the trends.  May not include as much detail on the reasons and exceptions as you need for AP level.